Far too many people have opioid dependence. Over 16 million worldwide have opioid use disorders, OUDs. The U.S. alone has 2.1 million people who use opioids.
When it comes to treating OUD, doctors often prescribe Suboxone, which the FDA approved for the treatment of narcotic addiction in October 2002. This buprenorphine/naloxone drug has proved to be a game-changer in the treatment of OUD. Suboxone helps overcome OUD by reducing withdrawal symptoms and cravings, supporting recovery, and preventing relapse.
Reportedly, this drug has helped 40% to 60% of users overcome opioid addiction. But, on the flip side, it has caused dental issues for many users. A study published in JAMA Network revealed that the incidence of any adverse dental event with sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone was 21.6 per 1000 person-years.
That said, we’ll explore some common dental issues linked to Suboxone as well as share a few practical tips to help you mitigate those risks.
The Link Between Suboxone and Dental Health
Here’s a closer look at how Suboxone can affect your teeth and gums:
1. Cavities
In 2022, the FDA informed health professionals and the general public that Suboxone can cause dental caries or cavities.
This buprenorphine/naloxone sublingual film or tablets can reduce saliva production, which can dry the mouth. Saliva is important since it neutralizes acids produced by bacteria and washes away food particles from the mouth.
But when the mouth is dry, it cannot neutralize acid or eliminate food particles. Since it becomes more acidic, it leads to sensitivity and makes teeth susceptible to tooth cavities.
A large number of people who took the buprenorphine/naloxone drug for OUD treatment and got cavities filed the Suboxone lawsuit. Users of Suboxone have sued Reckitt Benckiser Pharmaceuticals Inc., Aquestive Therapeutics Inc., and Indivior Inc.
The core argument in the Suboxone lawsuit is that the manufacturers failed to warn people about the risks of tooth decay associated with the drug’s use. Another core argument, TruLaw says, is the lack of adequate instructions. The suits argue that the makers failed to provide proper instructions on how to reduce the risk of cavities while using Suboxone.
2. Gum Disease
Individuals using Suboxone are also at risk of gum disease or periodontal disease. It's a severe dental issue in which the soft tissue around the teeth is damaged.
According to the Mayo Clinic, medication that reduces saliva production is one risk factor. Saliva is required to maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the mouth. Without adequate saliva, harmful bacteria can increase, leading to gum disease.
It begins with gingivitis—swollen, red, and bleeding gums. When left untreated, it progresses to periodontitis.
Periodontitis is a more severe form, affecting the deeper structures supporting the teeth. This condition causes the gums to pull away from the teeth, forming infected pockets. That, eventually, leads to tooth loss.
3. Tooth Loss
Many Suboxone users reported experiencing tooth loss after taking the drug.
Brandon Scholten, 31, of Langley, was prescribed the drug in 2017 for opioid addiction and pain management. After taking the medicine for some time, Scholten suffered many dental problems, including tooth loss. An article published in the Vancouver Sun revealed this incident.
Suboxone reduces the saliva production in the mouth. Without sufficient saliva, bacteria thrive in the mouth, producing acids that can erode tooth enamel and cause cavities. If these cavities are not treated, they can progress to the tooth’s pulp. This could lead to infection and eventually necessitate tooth extraction.
Preventative Measures: Tips to Mitigate the Risk of Dental Issues While Using Suboxone
Here are a few measures you can take to reduce your risk of dental issues when you’re taking buprenorphine/naloxone drug for OUD:
- Refrain from sugary drinks and snacks; instead, opt for water, fruits, and vegetables, which are healthier alternatives.
- Avoid brushing your teeth right after taking Suboxone. Wait for at least 30 minutes or an hour so that your mouth can return to its natural pH and you don’t damage your teeth.
- Keep yourself hydrated by drinking plenty of water. It will help stimulate saliva production and keep the mouth moist. Consider drinking fluoridated water. According to the NIDCR, drinking water with the right amount of fluoride can protect your teeth from dental issues.
In a nutshell, Suboxone is effective in addressing opioid dependence, but its effect on dental health cannot be overlooked. This drug reportedly causes severe dental issues, such as cavities, tooth loss, and gum infections.
You can mitigate these risks by staying hydrated, limiting sugar intake, and avoiding brushing your teeth for an hour after taking the buprenorphine/naloxone drug. Also, see a dentist regularly. Routine checkups can help identify potential issues before they escalate into something serious.
